A Consistency Control Model for Webtoon Production Based on Generative AI
Abstract : This study aims to analyze the impact of Generative AI on the overall webtoon production process and to identify mechanisms for maintaining visual consistency. Webtoon production requires high labor intensity and recurring visual work, as multiple visual components-such as character design, background rendering, and panel composition-must consistently support the continuity of the narrative. In this study, Stable Diffusion, ControlNet, and LoRA were applied to structure the production workflow in sequential stages and to examine both technical and directing-based interventions necessary to sustain visual coherence in character appearance, background tone, and narrative progression. The findings indicate that generative AI is effective in reducing repetitive visual tasks and maintaining morphological and environmental consistency; however, emotional expression and narrative rhythm require human interpretation and editing decisions. This study suggests strategic guidelines for integrating generative AI as a supportive production system within the webtoon industry and provides a foundation for developing future human-AI collaborative creative ecosystems.
Keyword : Webtoon Production, Generative AI, Consistency, Directing, Production Pipeline
http://dx.doi.org/10.29056/jdaem.2026.03.01
Production of Short Animations Using AI
Abstract : Artificial intelligence is no longer confined to the technical realm but is expanding into the entire arts industry, including advertising, design, webtoons, and film. Consequently, artists and creators express concerns about encroachment on their domain while actively utilizing generative AI as an auxiliary tool for creation. Within this trend, numerous studies exploring the artistic expression potential and utility of generative AI are being published. Early research on Sora and DALL·E primarily focused on functional experimentation. Subsequently, with the emergence of tools like Midjourney, Runway, ComfyUI, and Kling, studies comparing and analyzing their differences followed. Existing papers have concentrated on analyzing commercial use cases of images and videos produced by generative AItheir artistic applicability. Research in the advertising field, a short-form visual medium, has been particularly active, largely due to limitations in AI's ability to maintain consistency. This study aims to go beyond these trends and explore the potential of generative AI as an ‘all-in-one tool’ capable of producing a complete work of art, moving beyond its role as a mere auxiliary means. Focusing specifically on the animation field, where existing research is scarce, it examines the feasibility of using AI as an artistic creation tool by producing an entire short animation, Delusional, using AI throughout the entire production process and comparing it with traditional production methods. Through this, it seeks to explore a new paradigm for artistic creation in the age of artificial intelligence and the changing role of the creator.
Keyword : Short Animation, Generative Artificial Intelligence, Delusional, AI animation
http://dx.doi.org/10.29056/jdaem.2026.03.02
Characteristics and Implementation Strategies of Generative AI-based Cultural Heritage Chatbots
Abstract : This study aims to analyze the characteristics and developmental directions of chatbot services utilized in the cultural heritage domain in response to the diffusion of generative AI technologies. To this end, cultural heritage chatbot cases were classified into research-oriented and publicly operated categories and comparatively analyzed in terms of their development ives, implementation approaches, and types of information provided. The results indicate that research-oriented chatbots primarily focus on exploring the potential of generative AI and experimenting with emerging technologies, whereas publicly operated chatbots prioritize information reliability and service stability.a technical perspective, both types employ RAG to balance generative flexibility with knowledge control. However, differences were observed in the scope of data construction and interaction modalities: research-oriented cases exhibited relatively high degrees of flexibility, while publicly operated cases were implemented in more controlled manners. In addition, the findings highlight the importance of information curation that takes into account the intrinsic characteristics of heritage assets and the contextual needs of visitors. This study is significant in that it illuminates the balance between technological aspirations and operational realities, and it suggests that, for successful service deployment, technologies and interaction models validated in research-oriented settings should be progressively integrated into stable operational environments through refined implementation strategies.
Keyword : Cultural Heritage, Generative AI chatbots, RAG, Cultural Heritage Interpretation, Conversational Interface
http://dx.doi.org/10.29056/jdaem.2026.03.03
Abstract : As digital transformation in the cultural tourism sector accelerates, augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) have become established as primary technologies, while the application of mixed reality (MR) remains relatively limited. In response, this study centers on MR technology to implement a tourism experience that conveys the cultural characteristics of tourist destinations. It proposes a design framework integrating key theoriesuser experience (UX) and human-computer interaction (HCI), including Flow, Presence, Affordance, Self-Determination Theory, Usability, and Narrative Transportation. This framework is applied as the basis for UX evaluation, and user experiences are systematically analyzed through questionnaires and interviews. The results indicate that MR-based tourism experiences demonstrate clear advantages in terms of immersion, engagement with cultural narratives, and interactive experience, with overall user feedback being positive. At the same time, areas for improvement were identified, particularly in beginner guidance, interaction structure, and audiovisual presentation. Despite limitations related to sample composition and testing environments, this study exploratory verifies the application potential of MR technology in the cultural tourism domain and aims to provide reference insights for future design and practical research.
Keyword : Cultural Technology, Mixed Reality, User Experience, Immersive Tourism
http://dx.doi.org/10.29056/jdaem.2026.03.04
Abstract : This study empirically examined the implementation process and user experience of SonicScape, a voice-controlled serious game designed to help adult learners intuitively explore key acoustic concepts, including pitch, amplitude, and reflection. The system collects microphone input in a Unity environment, extracts vocal features through FFT-based analysis, and normalizes input by calibrating each user’s pitch range via a voice calibration interface. Within a single scene, players sequentially engage with three core mechanics: pitch-based terrain generation, amplitude-based obstacle interaction, and reflection-based discovery of hidden paths, supported by real-time visual feedback to facilitate experiential understanding of acoustic properties. Fifteen participants in their twenties completed a 30-minute gameplay session followed by a five-point Likert-scale survey, and descriptive statistics and reliability analyses were conducted using the Flow, self-determination, extraneous cognitive load, and perceived learning measures. The results indicated high levels of flow and self-determination, the highest ratings for perceived learning, and low extraneous cognitive load, suggesting that voice-based gamified interaction can support adult learners’ understanding of abstract concepts while maintaining stable experience quality.
Keyword : Voice Control, Serious Games, User Experience, Acoustic Physical Concepts, Adult Learners
http://dx.doi.org/10.29056/jdaem.2026.03.05
Abstract : This study examines how visual elements in energy drink packaging influence consumers' flavor expectations in the Chinese market. Grounded in Crossmodal Perception Theory, the research analyzes five key visual elements—color, typography, illustration, layout, and form and material—to investigate their expressive characteristics and psychological effects within energy drink packaging. A mixed-method approach combining literature review, case analysis, and a consumer survey was employed to empirically identify cross-modal associations between visual cues and flavor perception. The results indicate that consumers form clear flavor expectations prior to consumption based on visual cues presented on packaging. All five visual elements exhibited significant positive relationships with flavor expectations. Among them, illustration and material demonstrated the strongest effects. Dynamic illustrations, character imagery, metallic gloss, and matte textures functioned as powerful visual cues that strongly evoked perceptions of energy and stimulation. Color and layout also reinforced positive flavor expectations related to freshness and professionalism. Typography showed a relatively weaker influence; however, it still contributed to consumers' associations with flavor intensity and smoothness. Overall, the findings confirm that visual elements in energy drink packaging play a critical role in shaping pre-consumption flavor expectations. This study provides foundational insights for visual-driven sensory experience design and offers practical implications for the development of strategic packaging design in the energy drink industry.
Keyword : energy drink, packaging design, visual elements, flavor perception, crossmodal perception
http://dx.doi.org/10.29056/jdaem.2026.03.06
Label Design of Chinese Protein Powder Brands -Focusing on Gestalt Theory-
Abstract : This study aims to examine how Gestalt principles influence consumers’ information comprehension, perceived professionalism, trust, and purchase intention in the context of label design for Chinese protein powder products. To achieve this, a case analysis was conducted on labels of leading brands in the Chinese market, along with a questionnaire survey administered to 135 consumers aged 20 to 50 who expressed interest in protein powder products. The results indicate that all five Gestalt principles-proximity, similarity, continuity, closure, and figure-ground contrast-exert meaningful effects on consumer perception. Closer information arrangement enhances integrated understanding, while consistency in color, illustration, logo, and layout strengthens perceived professionalism. In addition, natural visual flow and structurally complete designs increase consumer trust, and clear figure-ground contrast improves the efficiency of key information recognition. Overall, this study empirically confirms the importance of visual information structure in protein powder label design and suggests that Gestalt-based design strategies can effectively contribute to strengthening consumer trust and purchase intention.
Keyword : Protein powder; Label design; Gestalt theory; Visual language; Package design
http://dx.doi.org/10.29056/jdaem.2026.03.07
A Study on the Visual Metaphors of Chinese Guo Chao Posters Under the Influence of Pop Art
Abstract : Currently, there are various types of posters themed around Chinese Guo Chao. Flat design, decorative style, and ink painting style are the mainstream of Chinese Guo Chao poster design. At the same time, other styles are also conducting unique visual research on national trend posters. Pop art style, with its highly saturated contrasting colors, flat composition, repetition and collage, and other personalized elements, also occupies a place in the diversified development of Chinese Guo Chao. In order to reasonably balance the relationship between cultural symbols and commercial expression, this study focuses on Chinese Guo chao posters influenced by Pop Art, and conducts a positive metaphorical analysis of the narrative structure, cultural connotation and consumption concept contained in Guo chao posters. At the same time, it conducts a negative metaphorical analysis of the satirical art unique to Pop Art and its critical consumption. This study investigates the visual characteristics of Pop Art, the theory of visual metaphor, and the elements of Chinese Guo chao poster expression through theoretical research. It also conducts case studies and metaphor research on nine posters. Based on the case study results, the following conclusions are drawn: First, the visual language of Pop Art plays a positive role in promoting the dissemination of Chinese Guo chao posters. Secondly, national identity, consumer culture, and youth culture constitute the main metaphorical system of Pop Art Chinese Guo chao posters. Third, visual metaphor plays a crucial role in shaping brand culture. This study can serve as foundational data for future research on the concepts and design suggestions for Pop Art-inspired Chinese Guo chao posters.
Keyword : Pop art, Guo Chao, Poster design, Visual metaphor
http://dx.doi.org/10.29056/jdaem.2026.03.08
Abstract : As the perfume market shiftsa competition centered on product functionality to one that emphasizes visual identity and design differentiation, the influence of perfume package design on consumers' decision-making processes has gradually expanded. However, empirical research on which specific characteristics of perfume package design affect consumer purchase intention remains limited. Therefore, this study focuses on five key characteristics of perfume package design—stability, recognizability, convenience, originality, and interestingness—to empirically analyze their impact on Chinese consumers' purchase intentions. This study conducted a survey targeting Chinese perfume consumers and performed statistical analysis based on the collected data. The analysis results showed that all five proposed perfume package design characteristics had a significant positive effect on consumers' purchase intentions. Notably, stability and originality were found to directly stimulate purchase intention, whereas recognizability, convenience, and interestingness were interpreted as playing a role in enhancing the overall appeal of the product at a cognitive level. These findings suggest the necessity of differentiation strategies in perfume package design and are expected to contribute to realizing the cultural value of brands and enhancing their market competitiveness in the future.
Keyword : Perfume Packaging Design, Design Characteristics, Purchase Intention, Chinese Market
http://dx.doi.org/10.29056/jdaem.2026.03.09
User Experience of Embodied Interaction in Museums: A User-Centered Optimization Framework
Abstract : With the development of immersive interaction technologies, museum experiences are transitioningtraditional static viewing to dynamic interaction and immersive engagement. Embodied interaction utilizing the body as a medium and emphasizing multisensory coordination has emerged as a pivotal paradigm for enhancing cultural dissemination and deepening audience engagement. However, current research predominantly focuses on technical implementation while the systematic, user-centered experience optimization frameworks remain underexplored. This study first established a hierarchical requirement system comprising 22 indicators across five dimensions through the Delphi method. Subsequently, a bilateral questionnaire based on the Kano model was conducted, employing the Satisfaction Index and Sensitivity Ratio to quantify the differential effects of requirement attributes on user satisfaction and to determine indicator prioritization. On this basis, this research constructed a user-centered optimization framework and proposed optimization strategies. The findings suggest that priority should be given to must-be qualities to establish an experience baseline, while one-dimensional qualities should be enhanced to increase satisfaction, and attractive qualities should be strategically developed to generate experiential delightnovelty. Furthermore, the study highlights the latent value of indifferent qualities and emphasizes that inclusive design should permeate the entire optimization process. This research provides a systematic requirement analysis method for the user experience optimization of museum embodied interaction.
Keyword : Embodied Interaction, User Experience, Museums, User-Centered Design
http://dx.doi.org/10.29056/jdaem.2026.03.10
Abstract : This study aims to provide a concise examination of how Korea’s culture and arts education policies and governance structures influence the planning and management of theatre-based culture and arts education and arts healing programs. Culture and arts education is recognized as an important field that enhances individual creativity and aesthetic sensitivity while promoting social communication and integration. In this context, arts planning and arts management function as key elements in ensuring the sustainability and professionalism of culture and arts education. This study first reviews the development process and institutional foundations of culture and arts education policies in Korea and reexamines the concept and role of culture and arts educationthe perspectives of arts planning and arts management. It then analyzes the policy governance structure and operational system of theatre-based arts healing programs and examines the current status of theatre-based arts healing programs both in Korea and internationally, including drama therapy and educational drama. Through this analysis, the study explores the expanding roles of arts planning and arts management within the fields of culture and arts education and arts healing. The findings highlight the educational significance and value of theatre-based culture and arts education and arts healing programs and provide implications for the policy development of related fields. Furthermore, this study may serve as foundational material for future research on policy governance in culture and arts education and arts healing, as well as practice-oriented studies in arts planning and arts management.
Keyword : culture and arts education, arts healing, drama therapy, educational drama, arts management
http://dx.doi.org/10.29056/jdaem.2026.03.11
Abstract : This study examines the impact of a volunteer linkage program for the elderly living alone on their mental and physical quality of life. Isolation and health problems among the elderly are serious social issues, and volunteer linkage programs are drawing attention as a way to solve them. The purpose of this program is to provide emotional support through regular visits and interactions, alleviate loneliness, and monitor health status. The study method involves evaluating the effectiveness of the program by considering various variables such as program participation frequency and activity type. As a result of analyzing data127 people through a survey, it was found that the program contributes to reducing emotional loneliness, promoting social participation, and improving physical health through regular health checks. In particular, the effect was more pronounced the higher the frequency of participation. This study presents recommendations to help policymakers and community organizations design and operate the program. Specifically, it proposes the provision of motivational activities and incentives, the formation of bonds through group-based activities and workshops, and the introduction of health checkup education programs. Through this, it emphasizes that volunteer programs are a practical and important strategy to support the elderly living alone in an aging society.
Keyword : Elderly Living Alone, Volunteer Connection Program, Mental Quality of Life, Physical Quality of Life, Emotional Support
http://dx.doi.org/10.29056/jdaem.2026.03.12
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